Tile adhesive is a specially formulated product used to bond tiles to a surface (substrate) like concrete, plaster, or drywall. It's crucial for ensuring the tiles remain securely in place, whether on walls or floors, indoors or outdoors. Here's a breakdown of key details:
1. Types of Tile Adhesive
a. Cement-Based Adhesive
Composition: Cement, sand, polymers, and additives.
Uses: Suitable for ceramic, porcelain, vitrified, and natural stone tiles.
Advantages: Strong bond, water-resistant, economical.
Example: C1, C2 (EN 12004 classification)
b. Ready-Mixed Adhesive (Dispersion Adhesive)
Composition: Acrylic or resin-based paste.
Uses: Small tiles, wall applications, especially in dry areas.
Advantages: Easy to use, no mixing needed.
Limitations: Not ideal for large tiles or wet areas.
c. Epoxy Adhesive
Composition: Resin and hardener (2-part).
Uses: High-stress areas, industrial floors, wet areas like swimming pools.
Advantages: High strength, chemical and water resistance.
Disadvantages: Expensive, difficult to work with.
2. Classification (EN 12004 Standard)
C1: Standard cement-based adhesive.
C2: Improved cement-based adhesive.
T: Reduced slip.
E: Extended open time.
S1/S2: Deformable adhesive (for flexible surfaces).
3. Key Properties
Open Time: The time adhesive remains workable after being applied.
Pot Life: How long the adhesive remains usable after mixing.
Shear Strength: Indicates bond strength between tile and substrate.
Flexibility: Important for areas with movement or vibration.
Water & Heat Resistance: Needed for wet areas or underfloor heating.
4. Application Tips
Ensure the surface is clean, dry, and level.
Use a notched trowel to apply adhesive evenly.
Press tiles firmly with slight twisting motion.
Avoid walking on tiles until the adhesive has cured (24–48 hours typically).
Grouting usually starts after full adhesive cure.
5. Popular Brands
Ardex
Laticrete
Mapei
MYK Laticrete
Roff
Sika
Fevicol Tilefix
6. Coverage
Depends on:
Size of tile
Notch size of trowel
Surface roughness
Typical Estimate: 3–5 kg/m² for standard wall tiles
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